Fujio Cho graduated from the Faculty of Law at the University of Tokyo in March 1960. He joined Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) in April of the same year. In 1984, he was appointed as a department general manager in the Logistic Management Division while concurrently serving as a project general manager in the Production Control Division. He became a director of TMC in September 1988, and later that year, he became president of Toyota Motor Manufacturing U.S.A., Inc. (now Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky, Inc. (TMMK)). He returned to Japan in September 1994 and was named a managing director at TMC. In June 1996, he became a senior managing director. In June 1998, he became an executive vice president, and he became president in June 1999. In June 2005, he assumed the position of vice chairman of the Board before becoming chairman in June 2006. He became honorary chairman in June 2013 and then became a senior advisor to the Board in June 2017. He retired in June 2020. Fujio Cho holds an honorary Doctorate from the University of Kentucky, which was awarded in 2002. His notable awards include the Medal with Blue Ribbon, Japan (November 2001) and Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun (November 2009).
On June 16, 2023, the University of Kentucky Board of Trustees voted to name the Department of Engineering Technology in honor of Mr. Fujio Cho to become The Fujio Cho Department of Engineering Technology.
